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[Mitch]:
I love the total cost of ownership

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discussion as well because, you know,

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as I was kind of alluding to earlier,
the ROI adjustment, or changes

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maybe, that's happening over
the years has been:

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“what is total cost of ownership
and how do I define that?

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And is it believable?” because--
are there any accountants in the room?

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Okay.

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So at least in my experience,
when you have accounting,

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they want hard numbers.

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And the only hard number

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they can really accept
many times is the head count adjustment.

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So trying to define something else
like: “it's more efficient” or,

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we'll talk about benefits in a minute,
was a little more complicated

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but total cost of ownership
is still pretty hard.

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So total cost of ownership
is really your initial investment

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plus your maintenance costs
plus your operating costs.

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And then you figure out how
that investment-- what it meant to you.

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So those are pretty hard figures
you can use.

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You know what you spent, and I know
we have a gentleman here from UPS,

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and we deal with them
and total cost of ownership is a big deal.

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They're monitoring every piece of
equipment that goes into their facilities

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and what the maintenance
cost was over time.

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And so I think
that is a very critical piece.

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And I think as manufacturers, we can help

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end users understand what that looks like.

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[James]: So...

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so are there any questions so far?

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Yes. [Audience Member]:
How many assumptions

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do you make in the maintenance cost?

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[Mitch]: There are several assumptions
you should make

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and you should also
define your assumptions.

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Okay.

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Because, again, I think

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at least in my experience,

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the accountants are going to dig,
and dig, and dig,

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and they're going to ask
a lot of questions, and rightfully so.

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They want to make sure

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that it is believable
because they're going to move it up

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to a board level potentially,
or a higher level, and they want to go

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to answer those questions.

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So I think you just state
your assumptions.

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Be clear about them and move it on.

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Yeah. [James]: You had a question?
[Audience Member]: Yeah.

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Are a lot of people
placing a lot of value on IRR?

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The Internal Rate of Return,
which isn’t ROI?

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[Mitch]: In my experience

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a lot of companies,
at least that we're dealing with,

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some of the larger companies,
have created an IRR standard.

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Okay. Like inside the business.

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So if you're going to come to me with
a capital project, then give me options.

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Okay, give me good, better,
best or one, two, three or whatever.

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And one of them is going to have a payback
that's a shorter amount of time.

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One of them is going to have a payback
that's a longer time.

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And then what are those

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associated costs?

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I think as

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companies are getting bigger
and more progressive,

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that's something
they're wanting to do internally.

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And then if they're not that way,
I think it's a good thing

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for us as manufacturers, and integrators
to provide that.

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[Nils]: When you're looking at ROI,
it's just sort of imperative that you do

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your homework upfront,

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that you really look at all of the items
that go into this ROI.

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And so, for example, on maintenance costs:
think about if you have, preventative

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maintenance, you have spare parts
that are going to come into the equation,

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you're going to have training

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that's going to come into it--
[Audience Member]: The software

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development is one of the biggest pieces
that-- [Nils]: Exactly.

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And then look at look at

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the contracts.

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Maybe you're using outside contracts
for you

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seven by twenty four hour software.

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So you really want to be able
to pull those together.

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But the reason why you gotta do
your homework

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is because if you're going
to go to the executive and you're going to

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say, “I want to be able to justify
this.” You've got to show him line by line

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so the accountant can go ahead and say,
“yeah, he's got his math together.”

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And then you'll be able
to go ahead and say, “so this is actually

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what is going
to be part of my total cost.”